Before you begin reading this guide, we recommend you run Elasticsearch Error Check-Up which analyzes 2 JSON files to detect many errors.
Briefly, this error occurs when Elasticsearch is unable to connect to a node in the cluster. Nodes are responsible for storing data and executing search queries, so this error can result in degraded performance or downtime. The cause of this error can be due to a network configuration issue, the affected node is unreachable or down, or a misconfiguration of Elasticsearch. To resolve this error, you can check the network configuration to ensure that the affected node is reachable, and verify that the affected node is running and that it has not encountered any issues. Additionally, you can increase the number of nodes in the cluster to increase the resilience of the cluster.
To easily locate the root cause and resolve this issue try AutoOps for Elasticsearch & OpenSearch. It diagnoses problems by analyzing hundreds of metrics collected by a lightweight agent and offers guidance for resolving them.
This guide will help you check for common problems that cause the log ” Failed to connect to node ” to appear. To understand the issues related to this log, read the explanation below about the following Elasticsearch concepts: cluster and node.
Overview
To put it simply, a node is a single server that is part of a cluster. Each node is assigned one or more roles, which describe the node’s responsibility and operations. Data nodes store the data, and participate in the cluster’s indexing and search capabilities, while master nodes are responsible for managing the cluster’s activities and storing the cluster state, including the metadata.
While it is possible to run several node instances of Elasticsearch on the same hardware, it’s considered a best practice to limit a server to a single running instance of Elasticsearch.
Nodes connect to each other and form a cluster by using a discovery method.
Roles
Master node
Master nodes are in charge of cluster-wide settings and changes – deleting or creating indices and fields, adding or removing nodes and allocating shards to nodes. Each cluster has a single master node that is elected from the master eligible nodes using a distributed consensus algorithm and is reelected if the current master node fails.
Coordinating (client) node
There is some confusion in the use of coordinating node terminology. Client nodes were removed from Elasticsearch after version 2.4 and became coordinating nodes.
Coordinating nodes are nodes that do not hold any configured role. They don’t hold data and are not part of the master eligible group nor execute ingest pipelines. Coordinating nodes serve incoming search requests and act as the query coordinator running query and fetch phases, sending requests to every node that holds a shard being queried. The coordinating node also distributes bulk indexing operations and route queries to shards based on the node’s responsiveness.
Log Context
Log “failed to connect to node [” classname is InternalClusterService.java.
We extracted the following from Elasticsearch source code for those seeking an in-depth context :
}
try {
transportService.connectToNode(node);
} catch (Throwable e) {
// the fault detection will detect it as failed as well
logger.warn("failed to connect to node [" + node + "]"; e);
}
}
// if we are the master; publish the new state to all nodes
// we publish here before we send a notification to all the listeners; since if it fails
