Briefly, this error occurs when Elasticsearch attempts to allocate a shard to a node, but doing so would leave the node with less free disk space than the set threshold. This is a safeguard to prevent nodes from running out of disk space. To resolve this issue, you can either increase the disk space available on the node, decrease the amount of data stored on the node by deleting unnecessary indices or shards, or adjust the disk watermark thresholds in the Elasticsearch settings to allow more disk space to be used before triggering this error.
This guide will help you check for common problems that cause the log ” after allocating [{}] node [{}] would have less than the required threshold of ” to appear. To understand the issues related to this log, read the explanation below about the following Elasticsearch concepts: allocation, node, threshold, routing, cluster.
Overview
To put it simply, a node is a single server that is part of a cluster. Each node is assigned one or more roles, which describe the node’s responsibility and operations. Data nodes store the data, and participate in the cluster’s indexing and search capabilities, while master nodes are responsible for managing the cluster’s activities and storing the cluster state, including the metadata.
While it is possible to run several node instances of Elasticsearch on the same hardware, it’s considered a best practice to limit a server to a single running instance of Elasticsearch.
Nodes connect to each other and form a cluster by using a discovery method.
Roles
Master node
Master nodes are in charge of cluster-wide settings and changes – deleting or creating indices and fields, adding or removing nodes and allocating shards to nodes. Each cluster has a single master node that is elected from the master eligible nodes using a distributed consensus algorithm and is reelected if the current master node fails.
Coordinating (client) node
There is some confusion in the use of coordinating node terminology. Client nodes were removed from Elasticsearch after version 2.4 and became coordinating nodes.
Coordinating nodes are nodes that do not hold any configured role. They don’t hold data and are not part of the master eligible group nor execute ingest pipelines. Coordinating nodes serve incoming search requests and act as the query coordinator running query and fetch phases, sending requests to every node that holds a shard being queried. The coordinating node also distributes bulk indexing operations and route queries to shards based on the node’s responsiveness.
Overview
Elasticsearch uses several parameters to enable it to manage hard disk storage across the cluster.
What it’s used for
- Elasticsearch will actively try to relocate shards away from nodes which exceed the disk watermark high threshold.
- Elasticsearch will NOT locate new shards or relocate shards on to nodes which exceed the disk watermark low threshold.
- Elasticsearch will prevent all writes to an index which has any shard on a node that exceeds the disk.watermark.flood_stage threshold.
- The info update interval is the time it will take Elasticsearch to re-check the disk usage.
Examples
PUT _cluster/settings
{
"transient": {
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.low": "85%",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.high": "90%",
"cluster.routing.allocation.disk.watermark.flood_stage": "95%",
"cluster.info.update.interval": "1m"
}
}Notes and good things to know
- You can use absolute values (100gb) or percentages (90%), but you cannot mix the two on the same cluster.
- In general, it is recommended to use percentages, since this will work in case the disks are resized.
- You can put the cluster settings on the elasticsearch.yml of each node, but it is recommended to use the PUT _cluster/settings API because it is easier to manage, and ensures that the settings are coherent across the cluster.
- Elasticsearch comes with sensible defaults for these settings, so think twice before modifying them. If you find you are spending a lot of time fine-tuning these settings, then it is probably time to invest in new disk space.
- In the event of the flood_stage threshold being exceeded, once you delete data, Elasticsearch should detect automatically that the block can be released (bearing in mind the update interval which could be, for instance, a minute). However if you want to accelerate this process, you can unblock an index manually, with the following call:
PUT /my_index/_settings
{
"index.blocks.read_only_allow_delete": null
}Common problems
Inappropriate cluster settings (if the disk watermark.low is too low) can make it impossible for Elasticsearch to allocate shards on the cluster. In particular, bear in mind that these parameters work in combination with other cluster settings (for example shard allocation awareness) which cause further restraints on how Elasticsearch can allocate shards.
Log Context
Log “after allocating [{}] node [{}] would have less than the required threshold of ” classname is DiskThresholdDecider.java.
We extracted the following from Elasticsearch source code for those seeking an in-depth context :
allocation.clusterInfo(); allocation.snapshotShardSizeInfo(); allocation.metadata(); allocation.routingTable());
assert shardSize >= 0 : shardSize;
double freeSpaceAfterShard = freeDiskPercentageAfterShardAssigned(usage; shardSize);
long freeBytesAfterShard = freeBytes - shardSize;
if (freeBytesAfterShard < diskThresholdSettings.getFreeBytesThresholdHigh().getBytes()) {
logger.warn("after allocating [{}] node [{}] would have less than the required threshold of " +
"{} free (currently {} free; estimated shard size is {}); preventing allocation"; shardRouting;
node.nodeId(); diskThresholdSettings.getFreeBytesThresholdHigh(); freeBytesValue; new ByteSizeValue(shardSize));
return allocation.decision(Decision.NO; NAME;
"allocating the shard to this node will bring the node above the high watermark cluster setting [%s=%s] " +
"and cause it to have less than the minimum required [%s] of free space (free: [%s]; estimated shard size: [%s])";
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